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 หัวเรื่อง:ไม่มีชื่อไทย (ชื่ออังกฤษ : Evaluation of Specifi c Gravity of Potato Varieties in Ethiopia as a Criterion for Determining Processing Quality) ผู้เขียน: Tesfaye Abebe,  ดร.เฌอมาลย์ วงศ์ชาวจันท์, ผู้ช่วยศาสตราจารย์ , นายธัญญะ เตชะศีลพิทักษ์, รองศาสตราจารย์ สื่อสิ่งพิมพ์:pdf AbstractSpecifi c gravity (SG) is the measure of choice for estimating dry matter (DMC) and starch content (SC) and ultimately for determining the processing quality of potato varieties. Evaluation of the SG of 25 potato varieties was carried out at three distinct locations in the Amhara region of Ethiopia with the main objectives of determining their culinary quality and most suitable areas of production. The varieties were planted in a 5 ? 5 balanced lattice design of six replications during the 2011 rainy season. The results of the data analysis showed highly signifi cant (P < 0.01) genotypic and location differences and signifi cant (P < 0.05) genotype ? environment interactions. The pooled SG values ranged from 1.058 to 1.102. The SG of tubers of the improved variety Belete was the highest while that of Menagesha was the lowest. Furthermore, the SG values for varieties grown at Debretabor were higher than those for the corresponding varieties grown at Adet and Merawi. The DMC and SC were computed based on the SG and showed signifi cant (P < 0.01) genotypic variability. The highest DMC and SC were also obtained at Debretabor; thus, it is an ideal location to grow potatoes for high DMC and starch accumulation. Additive main effects and multiplicative interaction analysis identifi ed CIP- 392640.524, Zengena, Jalenie and Belete as stable genotypes with SG values above average. |
หัวเรื่อง:ไม่มีชื่อไทย (ชื่ออังกฤษ : Dry Matter Content, Starch Content and Starch Yield Variability and Stability of Potato Varieties in Amhara Region of Ethiopia) ผู้เขียน:Tesfaye Abebe, ดร.เฌอมาลย์ วงศ์ชาวจันท์, ผู้ช่วยศาสตราจารย์, นายธัญญะ เตชะศีลพิทักษ์, รองศาสตราจารย์, อรนุช ลีลาพร สื่อสิ่งพิมพ์:pdf AbstractEvaluation of dry matter content (DMC), starch content (SC) and starch yield (SY) of 25 potato varieties was carried out at three distinct locations in the Amhara region of Ethiopia during the 2011 cropping season. The main objectives were to examine the variability and stability of these traits and determine the proper production environments. The 25 varieties were examined in a complete 5 ? 5 lattice design with six replications. Statistical analyses of the DMC, SC and SY of these varieties revealed signifi cant (P < 0.01) genotypic and location variation and genotype ? environment interactions. Consequently, their DMC and SC ranged from 17.82 to 26.70 and 9.75 to 17.85%, respectively, while SY ranged from 2.21 to 6.91 t.ha-1. Correlation analysis revealed a strong linkage (P < 0.01) among these characters. Additive main effects and multiplicative interactions analysis for DMC and SC stability identifi ed Gorebella, Ater Abeba, Challa, Belete and CIP-396004.337 as relatively stable for processing while Menagesha, Bulle, Ararsa were suitable for table purposes. Furthermore, Debretabor followed by Adet were found suitable for producing processing types while Merawi was suitable for table types. Thus, this study distinctly separated varieties and environments on the one hand and the available genetic resources for a breeding program aimed at improving DMC and SY of potato in Ethiopia on the other. |
หัวเรื่อง:ไม่มีชื่อไทย (ชื่ออังกฤษ : Variation of Mineral Concentrations Among Different Potato Varieties Grown at Two Distinct Locations in Ethiopia) ผู้เขียน:Tesfaye Abebe, ดร.เฌอมาลย์ วงศ์ชาวจันท์, ผู้ช่วยศาสตราจารย์, นายธัญญะ เตชะศีลพิทักษ์, รองศาสตราจารย์, อรนุช ลีลาพร สื่อสิ่งพิมพ์:pdf AbstractThe extent of genetic variation in the protein and fi ber contents and the iron (Fe), zinc (Zn) and phosphorus (P) concentrations of 21 different potato varieties was studied at two distinct locations in Ethiopia. The experiments were conducted in a randomized complete block design in triplicate. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) of each set of experimental data revealed signifi cant (P < 0.01) genetic variation among varieties. The combined ANOVA also showed signifi cant (P < 0.01) variation due to location and genotype ? location interactions. Accordingly, the tuber protein and fi ber contents ranged from 3.77 to 7.36% and 1.18 to 2.07%, respectively. Likewise, the Fe, Zn and P concentrations ranged from 17.13 to 164.83, 7.07 to 20.21 and 143.68 to 357.76 mg.kg-1 dry weight, respectively. Consequently, men, women, and children can get 29, 13.3 and 65%, respectively, of their daily recommended nutrient intake (RNI) of Fe from eating 200 g fresh weight of tubers of the high Fe concentration variety Sisay and 12, 14.3 and 17%, respectively, of their daily RNI of Zn from 200 g of tuber of the high Zn variety Menagesha. Correlation analysis indicated a signifi cant (P < 0.01) association among these characters but not with protein and fi ber with Fe. Thus, this study found considerable variation in the mineral concentrations among potato varieties in Ethiopia which can be useful information to help curb mineral malnutrition. |
หัวเรื่อง:ไม่มีชื่อไทย (ชื่ออังกฤษ : Variation in Chemical Composition and Pasting Properties of Starches of Different Potato Varieties Grown at Different Locations in Amhara Region, Ethiopia) ผู้เขียน:Tesfaye Abebe, ดร.เฌอมาลย์ วงศ์ชาวจันท์, ผู้ช่วยศาสตราจารย์, นายธัญญะ เตชะศีลพิทักษ์, รองศาสตราจารย์ สื่อสิ่งพิมพ์:pdf AbstractPotato starches isolated from 25 different varieties grown at three different locations in the Amhara region of Ethiopia in 2011 were studied to determine their variation based on amylose content (AMC) and amylopectin content (APC), and pasting properties by iodine colorimetry and Rapid Visco Analyzer procedures, respectively. The results revealed highly significant (P < 0.01) differences between cultivar and location. The mean values for the AMC and APC ranged from 20.86% (Jalene) to 30.58% (Ater Abeba), and 69.42% (Ater Abeba) to 79.14% (Jalene), respectively. The mean AMC index of locations ranged from 24.50% to 26.24% for the Adet and Debretabor sites. The peak viscosity (PV), hot paste viscosity (HPV), breakdown viscosity (BDV), cool paste viscosity (CV) and setback viscosity (SBV) ranged from 225.10 to 426.72, 135.01 to 191.83, 56.47 to 259.32, 173.68 to 247.51 and 27.17 to 68.15 Rapid Visco units (RVU), respectively, while the pasting time (PT) and pasting temperature (Ptemp) ranged between 3.35 to 4.91 minutes and 68.16 to 70.89 ?C, respectively. Correlation among starch properties showed significant (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05) associations except for PV with CPV and HPV with BDV and SBV. The highest PV (538 RVU), HPV (207 RVU), BDV (363 RVU), and CV (265 RVU) values were recorded at the cool Debretabor site. Thus, the study revealed the significant genetic variation present among varieties with regard to the starch chemical composition and pasting properties and the effects of growing location on these properties. |
หัวเรื่อง:ไม่มีชื่อไทย (ชื่ออังกฤษ : Analysis of the Phenotypic Diversity Within Cultivated Potato Varieties in Ethiopia at Three Locations) ผู้เขียน:Tesfaye Abebe, ดร.เฌอมาลย์ วงศ์ชาวจันท์, ผู้ช่วยศาสตราจารย์, นายธัญญะ เตชะศีลพิทักษ์, รองศาสตราจารย์ สื่อสิ่งพิมพ์:pdf AbstractThe phenotypic diversity of 25 potato varieties was analyzed at three distinct locations in the Amhara region of Ethiopia with the main objective of determining the diversity present among them based on 11 quantitative and 18 qualitative morphological characteristics. The fi eld experiment was laid out in a 5 ? 5 balanced lattice design with six replications. The results of analysis of variance indicated highly signifi cant (P < 0.01) differences among varieties for all 11 quantitative characteristics considered. Furthermore, analysis of the average taxonomic genetic distance based on 18 qualitative characteristics using the Euclidean distance function revealed considerable divergence among the studied varieties. Accordingly, the genetic distance value ranged from 0.24 between Tolcha and Wochecha, European commercial varieties, to 0.72 between the farmer’s variety Ater Abeba and the improved variety Zengena. The 25 varieties were grouped into three main clusters based on the distance matrix following the hierarchical agglomerative clustering method known as UPGMA (unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean). Cluster I, which was the largest, contained 18 varieties followed by clusters II and III, with 3 and 4 varieties, respectively. Thus, this study revealed the presence of suffi cient phenotypic diversity among varieties in the country that can be exploited for germplasm enhancement. |
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